The concept of complexity is described increasingly in the medical literature and refers to care needs of patients who have multimorbid conditions and the organizational structure of health care systems. The following article provides an overview of the literature on this concept and discusses the need to reconcile case and care complexity. Case complexity has been operationalized in several ways. Conversely, the operationalization of care complexity has drawn much less attention. As an example, an empiric model to describe the interrelations of several indicators of care complexity is presented.

See Peter de Jonge, Frits J Huyse, and Frierich C Stiefel: Case and Care Complexity in the Medically Ill in Frits J Huyse and Friedrich C Stiefel Integrated care for the complex medically ill. Medical Clinics of North America Issue July 2006 Elsevier